Acknowledging the fact that in a material world matter truly exists, explanations belong to both religion and science and extremists have separated mainly three “isms”. According to the main book which this essay is based on—Existentialism is Humanismby modern philosopher … Continue reading Existence & Doubt: Descartes’s Finest Apple [1]
Introduction of Dualism Descartes argues in favor of dualism, the mind is completely independent of the body and vice versa. We have a sense this kind of dualism exists when we say, “I am a mind with a body.” Descartes … Continue reading Dualism [2]
Introduction At the end of the nineteenth century, physicists were looking back at an era of progress unrivaled in known history. Classical, or Newtonian, physics explained the motion of objects in space and on earth, Kepler’s laws accurately predicted planetary … Continue reading Space and Time [3]
Objectivity and subjectivity generally defined, as objectivity is the facts and subjectivity is the human’s feelings in modern teaching materials. It seems self-evidence and no need to doubt, however, the question was, are facts also a type of human’s feeling? … Continue reading Objectivity and subjectivity [3]
The Precondition of Determinism: Who determined the universe? The definition of determinism is the philosophical belief that every event including fate, history, is determined by the coefficient setting in a point of a history line. (*) This theory is usually … Continue reading Determinism and Freewill [2]
I believe many people have considered questions about freedom. For instance, am I free? How do individuals subsist with their own freedom? Indeed, many western people have been pursuing freedom since the time of the ancient Greeks. In 1775, in … Continue reading Freedom and Human Society [1]
Nowadays, equality is being pursued by different individuals, collectives and countries. In addition, it is also a big philosophical topic. This article will mainly focus on three related questions about equality that are “What is equality?” “The conflict between … Continue reading Equality and Human Society [4]
WHAT IS SOCIAL CONTRACT? Social contract is the agreements in societies, the contract between people and government. According to the Encyclopedia of Stanford, social contract is concerned with public justification, i.e., “of determining whether or not a given regime is … Continue reading Social Contract [5]
“Sectumsempra” “Vulnera Senentur” Does free will exist? It is a hard and very common question. I consider that it is more important to hold on personal view than debating holding on faith is better than scientific meaningless debate. Although the … Continue reading Compatibilism [3]
What is Mind-body Problem? The mind–body problem is a philosophical conundrum regarding the relationship between thought and consciousness in the human mind. By thought I mean a function of the phyical brain, and by consciousness I mean an activity beyond mere chemical processes. This … Continue reading The Mind-Body Problem [1]
In the year 1900, when the great David Hilbert gave the famous speech that pointed out the way which mathematicians should work on next. In the speech, Hilbert promoted the dream of constructiong math into a whole grand valid system. … Continue reading Godel’s Theorem [3]
by Samson Huang Dream of Mathematics As time pass, Euclid’s idea of building a perfect geometry world out of axioms and definitions have gone into every corner of mathematics. In the 19th century, mathematicians started to clarify the bases of … Continue reading Mathematical Logic [2]
This article and several other articles, including ‘propositional logic’,’mathematical logic’, ‘Godel’s theorm’ are related to the big topic of Logic. The word logic here has a quite narrow definition, which is the study that investigates the principles governing correct or reliable inference. (from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/logic) The study of … Continue reading Greek Thinkings [1]
Kant An aesthetic judgment, in Kant’s usage, is a judgment which is based on feeling, and in particular on the feeling of pleasure or displeasure. One term that concerned with the topic is “beautiful art” [schöne Kunst]. According to Kant’s … Continue reading Aesthetics Humanity Library [3]
Introduction The earliest works in the tradition are Shaftesbury’s Characteristicks of Men, Manners Opinions, Times (1711), and Addison’s essays on the “Pleasures of the Imagination” in The Spectator (1712), with Francis Hutcheson’s Inquiry into the Original of our Ideas of … Continue reading Aesthetics Humanity Library [2]
What Is Aesthetics Coming back to the initial understandings of human during the period when written language was born, you will see early forms of words which you might distinguish some traces of modern words. You will see something you … Continue reading Origin of Beauty [1]
What is socialism? Socialism is both an economic system and an ideology (in the non-pejorative sense of that term). A socialist economy features social rather than private ownership of the means of production. The occurence of Socialism After the 20th … Continue reading Socialism [1]
When philosophers consider the philosophical and metaphysical problem of the originate, subjectivity always make more sense than objectivity does. To admit the collectivity and natural right of humans is a hard thing and also related to the idea itself. People … Continue reading Form and Idea [2]